Vascular
Branching
153
oscillating wall shear stress. These are illustrated in Figs.
5.2.5,
5.2.6
and
5.2.7.
Carotid bifurcation has
also
been studied, for instances, by laser
Doppler anemometer measurements
of
pulsatile
flow
in
a
model (Ku and
Giddens,
1987)
and in a three-dimensional analysis (Gilsen et al.,
1999).
Fig.
5.2.6:
Axial
flow
velocity profiles at the symmetry plane during systolic contraction
phase (top), systolic deceleration phase (middle) and the pulse phase
of
minimum
flow
rate (bottom). Solid line: compliant model; dashed line: rigid model. From Perktold and
Rappitsch
(1995).
